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Technology Sharing: Steps of PCB Recycling

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2019-01-09 15:39

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Any item will be damaged if it is used continuously, especially electronic products. However, the damaged item is not completely waste and can be recycled. The same is true for PCBs. Moreover, with the progress of science and technology, the number of electronic products has increased dramatically, so that their use cycle is constantly shortened, and many products are discarded without damage, resulting in serious waste.
The product replacement in the electronics industry is very fast, and the number of waste PCBs generated is also very alarming. Every year, the UK has more than 50000 tons of waste PCB, while Taiwan has up to 100000 tons. Recycling is the principle of saving resources and green production. Moreover, some substances in electronic products are harmful to the environment, so recycling is inevitable.
PCB contains metals, including common metals: aluminum, copper, iron, nickel, lead, tin and zinc, etc. Precious metals: gold, palladium, platinum, silver, etc. Rare metals such as rhodium and selenium. PCB also contains a large number of polymers directly or indirectly derived from petroleum products, which have high calorific value. They can not only generate energy, but also produce related chemical products, many of which are toxic and harmful. If discarded, it will cause great pollution.
PCB template is composed of a variety of elements, even if it cannot be used normally, the elements can still be recycled. So, how to recycle it, we briefly introduce its steps:
1. Paint stripping
PCB surface is coated with protective metal, the first process of recycling is to take off the paint first. Paint remover has organic paint remover and alkaline paint remover. Organic paint remover is toxic and harmful to human body and environment. It can be dissolved by heating with sodium hydroxide and corrosion inhibitor.
2. Crushing
After the PCB is removed, it will be crushed. Crushing includes impact crushing, extrusion crushing and shear crushing. The more commonly used is the ultra-low temperature frozen crushing technology, which can cool the tough material, make it brittle and crushed, so that the metal and non-metal completely dissociated.
3. Sorting
The crushed material needs to be sorted according to the density, particle size, magnetic conductivity, conductivity and other characteristics of each component, usually dry and wet sorting. Dry sorting includes dry screening, magnetic separation, electrostatic, density and eddy current sorting. Wet separation has hydrocyclone classification, flotation, hydraulic shaker, etc. The material sorted out can be reused.

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